Will a geomagnetic storm hit Earth tonight?


A solar flare was observed on the sun at around 9:05 p.m. on October 28th. During a solar flare, charged particles are ejected from the sun at high speeds.

The earth's atmosphere protects us humans from these particles. But they can interact with the earth's magnetic field, induce strong electrical currents on the surface, and affect man-made structures such as satellites, power grids, and even disrupt our internet connection.

POW! The sun has just served a powerful flare! ☀️ 💥

At 11:35 a.m. EDT today, a powerful X1-class solar flare broke out from the sun. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory captured everything on camera. 📸

More in our Solar Cycle 25 blog: https://t.co/L5yS3hJRTx pic.twitter.com/iTwZZ7tCOY

- NASA Sun & Space (@NASASun) October 28, 2021

An analysis by the US Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) showed that the coronal mass ejection left the Sun at a speed of 973 km / s and is expected to arrive on October 30, with the effects expected to continue on October 31 .

When these particles disturb the earth's magnetosphere, it is called a geomagnetic storm. The SWPC release added that the impact of this storm on our technology is nominal.

A CME linked to Thursday's solar flare is expected to hit Earth tomorrow. G3 (strong) geomagnetic storm surveillance is in effect for Saturday and Sunday and can drive the aurora across the northeast to the upper midwest in the state of WA. Check https://t.co/WeNidVVNv6 for updates. pic.twitter.com/GOvR3a8AJX

- NOAA space weather (@NWSSWPC) October 29, 2021

“It's difficult to gauge the full impact. We expect the northern lights. It is expected that currents will be injected into the ionosphere, which in turn will cause fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field, ”said Prof. Dibyendu Nandi of the Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research.

He added that there is a possibility of disruptions in navigation networks and global navigation satellite system receivers, but "we expect the coronal mass ejection (ejection of magnetized plasma from the solar corona) to be moderate, so these chances are slim."

Prof. Nandi is part of the Center of Excellence in Space Sciences India at IISER Kolkata, which predicted this solar flare.

CESSI SPACE WEATHER BULLETIN // 25. OCTOBER 2021 // SUMMARY: OPPORTUNITIES FOR SOLAR FLARING ACTIVITIES // Towards the east, only a few dynamic active regions are observed in the southern hemisphere of the Sun. CESSI's AI / ML-based flare prediction algorithm marks AR12887 as flare-productive.
+ pic.twitter.com/bDokY6Y65e

- Center of Excellence in Space Sciences India (@cessi_iiserkol) October 25, 2021

This is a Class X1 solar flare that occurred on October 28th. The solar flare classification system uses the letters A, B, C, M, and X.

“It is comparable to magnitudes on the Richter scale, which are used to quantify earthquakes. The X-1 class flare has a high level of radiation, but the highest ever observed in modern times is an X45 flare in 2003 (called Halloween storms), ”said Shravan Hanasoge, associate professor at the Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Tata Institute for Basic Research.

The Halloween solar storm in Sweden caused a transformer malfunction and a power outage, causing several satellites to fail.

“We sometimes forget that we live with a star, and the complex phenomena it shows can have serious effects on our lives. For example, there was a superstorm in 2012 that narrowly missed Earth. It is estimated that if it had hit us, we would have suffered trillions of dollars in damage and would have taken decades to recover. Although it is directed towards the earth, the X1 storm from two days ago will have little or no impact on our infrastructure, ”added Prof. Hanasoge.


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